124,305 research outputs found
Nonlinear Young integrals via fractional calculus
For H\"older continuous functions and , we define
nonlinear integral via fractional calculus. This
nonlinear integral arises naturally in the Feynman-Kac formula for stochastic
heat equations with random coefficients. We also define iterated nonlinear
integrals.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.758
Relationship between ferroelectricity and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in multiferroics and the effect of bond-bending
We studied the microscopic mechanism of multiferroics, in particular with the
"spin current" model (Hosho Katsura, Naoto Nagaosa and Aleander V. Balatsky,
Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 057205 (2005)). Starting from a system with helical spin
configuration, we solved for the forms of the electron wave functions and
analyzed their characteristics. The relation between ferroelectricity and
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (I. Dzyaloshinskii, J. Phys. Chem. Solids 4,
241 (1958) and T. Moriya, Phys. Rev. 120, 91 (1960)) is clearly established.
There is also a simple relation between the electric polarization and the wave
vector of magnetic orders. Finally, we show that the bond-bending exists in
transition metal oxides can enhance ferroelectricity.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures. acceptby Physical Review
Photometric Redshift Requirements for Self-Calibration of Cluster Dark Energy Studies
The ability to constrain dark energy from the evolution of galaxy cluster
counts is limited by the imperfect knowledge of cluster redshifts. Ongoing and
upcoming surveys will mostly rely on redshifts estimated from broad-band
photometry (photo-z's). For a Gaussian distribution for the cluster photo-z
errors and a high cluster yield cosmology defined by the WMAP 1 year results,
the photo-z bias and scatter needs to be known better than 0.003 and 0.03,
respectively, in order not to degrade dark energy constrains by more than 10%
for a survey with specifications similar to the South Pole Telescope. Smaller
surveys and cosmologies with lower cluster yields produce weaker photo-z
requirements, though relative to worse baseline constraints. Comparable photo-z
requirements are necessary in order to employ self-calibration techniques when
solving for dark energy and observable-mass parameters simultaneously. On the
other hand, self-calibration in combination with external mass inferences helps
reduce photo-z requirements and provides important consistency checks for
future cluster surveys. In our fiducial model, training sets with spectroscopic
redshifts for ~5%-15% of the detected clusters are required in order to keep
degradations in the dark energy equation of state lower than 20%.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to PR
Effects of disorder on quantum fluctuations and superfluid density of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a two-dimensional optical lattice
We investigate a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a 2D optical lattice in
the presence of weak disorder within the framework of the Bogoliubov theory. In
particular, we analyze the combined effects of disorder and an optical lattice
on quantum fluctuations and superfluid density of the BEC system. Accordingly,
the analytical expressions of the ground state energy and quantum depletion of
the system are obtained. Our results show that the lattice still induces a
characteristic 3D to 1D crossover in the behavior of quantum fluctuations,
despite the presence of weak disorder. Furthermore, we use the linear response
theory to calculate the normal fluid density of the condensate induced by
disorder. Our results in the 3D regime show that the combined presence of
disorder and lattice induce a normal fluid density that asymptotically
approaches 4/3 of the corresponding condensate depletion. Conditions for
possible experimental realization of our scenario are also proposed.Comment: 8 pages, 0 figure. To appear in Physical Review
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